Identity Politics

The term Identity Politics has entered political discourse as a pejorative, especially within the right of the political spectrum.

The pejorative use of identity politics often frames it as divisive and exclusionary, accusing it of prioritising group differences over shared values, fostering a "victim mentality," and sidelining merit in favour of representation. Critics argue that it fractures society into competing factions, stifles debate through ideological rigidity, and marginalises those outside specific identity groups. It is also seen as a tool of political correctness or "woke culture," weaponised to challenge traditional values or silence dissenting voices. Detractors view it as overly focused on grievances, undermining collective problem-solving and broader societal cohesion.

However, identity has always been central to politics. From the earliest days of governance, politics has been shaped by the identities of those in power and those seeking representation. Historical examples abound: 

• Monarchies and aristocracies were often defined by lineage and heritage, identities tied to birthright. 
• Religious identity shaped politics for centuries, influencing wars, alliances, and policies. 
• Class identity has driven movements such as socialism and the labour movement, centred on economic and social hierarchies. 

The difference with what we now call identity politics lies in its explicit focus on historically marginalised or underrepresented groups seeking to redefine political priorities. Traditionally, politics catered to dominant identities - often wealthy, white, male, and heteronormative in many Western societies - without naming these identities as political forces. Modern identity politics highlights the ways that other identities (e.g., race, gender, or sexuality) have been systematically excluded or disadvantaged, demanding specific attention and remedies.

Anti-wokeism seeks to maintain and legitimise existing systems of power by framing challenges to the dominant identity as excessive, unnecessary, or harmful. By positioning itself as a defence of "common sense" or "traditional values," it effectively reasserts the privilege and centrality of the dominant group, often under the guise of opposing division or promoting equality. It is the mainstay of the populist right.

However, there's also something called Hyper-identity politics. Hyper-identity politics refers to an intensified form of identity politics where the focus on specific social, cultural, or personal identities becomes so dominant that it can overshadow broader discussions, commonalities, or pragmatic goals. This term often carries a critical connotation, suggesting an overemphasis on identity categories to the point where dialogue, compromise, or shared understanding becomes difficult.